Dhaka University Journal of Earth and Environmental Sciences https://journal.library.du.ac.bd/index.php/DUJEES <span>Published by the Faculty of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Dhaka.</span> en-US hafiza.geoenv@du.ac.bd (Prof. Dr. A S M Woobaidullah) anis.islm@gmail.com (Anisur Rahman) Wed, 25 Sep 2019 18:59:02 +0600 OJS 3.2.1.5 http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss 60 Editor's Note https://journal.library.du.ac.bd/index.php/DUJEES/article/view/2233 ---- A S M Woobaidullah Copyright (c) 2019 Dhaka University Journal of Earth and Environmental Sciences https://journal.library.du.ac.bd/index.php/DUJEES/article/view/2233 Vulnerability Assessment and Groundwater Resources Planning for Tongi Industrial Area, Bangladesh https://journal.library.du.ac.bd/index.php/DUJEES/article/view/2234 Groundwater pollution risk assessment from industries has been conducted in order to prepare a water resources management plan for Tongi, the largest and oldest industrial area of the country. Most of the over 200 industries located there discharge untreated solid and liquid wastes into lowland or open water bodies posing serious threats to water resources. DRASTIC model has been used to assess groundwater pollution risk of the study area and Geographical Information System (GIS) overlay procedure has been used for producing various maps. A Groundwater Vulnerability Map (GVM) has been prepared on the basis of seven hydrogeological parameters of DRASTIC model for identifying low, moderate and high vulnerable zones. The high vulnerable zone encompasses the low lying areas along the water courses whereas the central relatively elevated part has been found to be least vulnerable. Potential Hazardous Activity Map (PHAM) and Hot-spot Map have been prepared to show the point sources of pollution located at different risk zones. Finally, a Groundwater Resources Planning Map (GRPM) has been produced based on DRASTIC vulnerability index. The GRPM exhibits that the low lying area near riverbanks as the high risk zone which should not be used for polluting industries. However, industrial activities may take place within the low risk zone confined to the central elevated area. This approach can be applied for other industrial areas of the country for preparing groundwater management plans. Nadia Binte Jamil, Kazi Matin Ahmed Copyright (c) 2019 Dhaka University Journal of Earth and Environmental Sciences https://journal.library.du.ac.bd/index.php/DUJEES/article/view/2234 Monitoring Landuse-Landcover Changes in Dhaka City by Integrating Remote Sensing and Ground Based Observations https://journal.library.du.ac.bd/index.php/DUJEES/article/view/2235 We have employed remote sensing approach in this study to understand the LULC changes in Dhaka urban area for a period of 26 years. We have used Landsat TM, ETM+ and OLI/TIRS image and employed unsupervised classification to prepare LULC maps from 1989 to 2015. To validate the results fieldwork has also been followed. We have found a decrease of water bodies of 967.14 ha and a decrease of vegetated lands of 2641.59 ha. The rate of decrease is 37.20 ha per year and 101.60 ha per year for water bodies and vegetation respectively. At the same time the urban areas have been increased by an area of 4370.67 ha. The rate of increase of urban structures is 168.10 ha per year. Integrating the spatial changes, we have found a correlation between loss of vegetation and water body with increase of urban structures. Our field observation also provides accuracy of our satellite based observation with an overall accuracy of 82.61%. Rahul Bhattacharya, Md. Bodruddoza Mia, Md. Mostafizur Rahman, ASM Woobaid Ullah Copyright (c) 2019 Dhaka University Journal of Earth and Environmental Sciences https://journal.library.du.ac.bd/index.php/DUJEES/article/view/2235 Characteristics of Temperature and Rainfall in Bangladesh: A historical Perspective 1948-2011 https://journal.library.du.ac.bd/index.php/DUJEES/article/view/2236 Climate change is regarded as the greatest long-term threat to the development of Bangladesh. The article provides an assessment of climate change and variability based on analysis of historical data of temperature and rainfall recorded at 34 meteorological stations located at seven regions in Bangladesh for the period of 1948-2011. Analysis of temperature data showed an increasing trend in the yearly average temperature at majority of these stations. During this period, the yearly average temperature in the country increased by 0.52°C at a rate of 0.01°C per year. The magnitude of increase in monthly average temperature from 1976 to 20011 of the total study period was sharply higher than the average. Moreover, significant increase of maximum temperature was observed in Khulna and Barishal, whereas, minimum temperature was recorded in Sylhet and Rangpur. The rainfall difference from 1953 to 2011 was -107.71 mm. Post-monsoon rainfall showed an increasing trend during the period of 1953-2011 in majority of regions. In contrast, there was a decreasing trend in total rainfall during monsoon. There was no significant change in pre-monsoon total rainfall. In general, these trends are consistent with the general climate change predictions. The maximum rainfall significantly increased in Sylhet and Chittagong while minimum rainfall was recorded in Khulna and Rajshahi regions. The temperature and rainfall patterns are of great importance for an agro-based economy like Bangladesh. Moreover, these changes will threaten the significant achievements. There was an inverse and positive relationship between the average temperature and values of SOI and IOD. These observations are particularly significant in the context of Bangladesh where agriculture is heavily dependent on temperature and rainfall patterns. Abu Hena Muhammad Yousuf, Md. Kawser Ahmed, Goutam K. Kundu, Sadia Hoque Copyright (c) 2019 Dhaka University Journal of Earth and Environmental Sciences https://journal.library.du.ac.bd/index.php/DUJEES/article/view/2236 Prediction of Oil Rim in Petroleum Reservoir Based on Compositional Gradients: A Real Case Study from Haripur Field. https://journal.library.du.ac.bd/index.php/DUJEES/article/view/2237 The first oil producing field is Haripur Field, from the well no. SY-7 the reservoir produced approximately 0.53 MMSTB of oil with average flow rate 207 STB/D starting at 1987 and end at 1994 which make interest among the reservoir engineers for further investigation to delineate the oil bearing zone. Compositional gradient analysis is a proven and authentic technology to detect the gas-oil-contact (GOC) in the reservoir fluid column by collecting a reservoir fluid sample from a reference depth. In this study oil sample is collected at depth 2030 m and analyzed its Pressure Volume Temperature (PVT) properties with PVT cell to determine composition and API gravity. From this investigation outcome a compositional grading in the reservoir fluid column is modeled and detected the gas-oil-contact (GOC). The compositional grading model is validate by the seven years oil production rate and tube head pressure history matching through reservoir simulation study. Mohammad Amirul Islam, A.S.M. Woobaidullah, Badrul Imam Copyright (c) 2019 Dhaka University Journal of Earth and Environmental Sciences https://journal.library.du.ac.bd/index.php/DUJEES/article/view/2237 Study of the Spatio-Temporal Changes of Hail Haor using Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques https://journal.library.du.ac.bd/index.php/DUJEES/article/view/2238 This paper has focused on the multi-temporal changes of the surface features of the Hail hoar wetland. The study was carried out using integrated technology of Remote Sensing (RS), Geographic Information System (GIS) and ground truth verification. Four sets of satellite data covering 1975-2014 time period were used for the study. The main wetland surface features identified in Hail hoar were water body and rice crops (Aman and Boro). The study revealed that the extents of all these surface features have been changed with specific trends. Extent of water area in dry season has been decreased and that in the wet seasons has been increased. The areas of Aman and Boro crops have also been changed with opposite patterns. These changes have upset the wetland characteristic of Hail hoar. Progressive increase of surface water in wet season made the hoar and its associate areas more vulnerable to flood. The decreasing tendency of dry season water area became alarming for the entire ecosystem of the haor region. A. Z. Md. Zahedul Islam, S. M. Humayun Kabir, M. Nur Hossain Sharifee, Syed Hafizur Rahman, Zia Ahmed Copyright (c) 2019 Dhaka University Journal of Earth and Environmental Sciences https://journal.library.du.ac.bd/index.php/DUJEES/article/view/2238 Application of a Quantitative Approach through Mathematical Inversion of a Vegetation Canopy Reflectance Model for Crop Monitoring Using Satellite Remote Sensing https://journal.library.du.ac.bd/index.php/DUJEES/article/view/2239 A quantitative approach has been made to retrieve biophysical information of an agricultural crop using multidirectional remote sensing data. The approach consists of retrieving the parameters of the surface bidirectional reflectance model through model inversion against directional data generated by a directional radiative transfer model. Model inversion has been performed applying a non-linear optimization scheme against the simulated directional vegetation reflectance data. The technique provides a reasonably good estimation of the canopy biophysical parameters. Remote sensing data are usually contaminated by different atmospheric effects. As a remedial, standard data correction procedure is available that requires a precise estimation of intervening atmospheric parameters. In this connection, estimation accuracies of biophysical parameters of vegetation have been analyzed with simulated satellite data corrected with improper values of atmospheric aerosol contents. The study reveals that estimation can be significantly influenced by the use of improper values of aerosol content during data correction. Estimation accuracy is higher in the near-infrared as compared to that in the visible for both high and low density canopies. Moreover, accuracy is higher for a low density canopy in comparison to that for a dense vegetation canopy. Hafizur Rahman, Md. Nur Hossain Sharifee, Sukumar Dutta Copyright (c) 2019 Dhaka University Journal of Earth and Environmental Sciences https://journal.library.du.ac.bd/index.php/DUJEES/article/view/2239 Universal Health Coverage in Bangladesh: Challenges and Prospects https://journal.library.du.ac.bd/index.php/DUJEES/article/view/2240 The importance of health while moving towards Universal Health Coverage (UHC) is emphasized as a priority agenda of the government of Bangladesh. The country is committed to move progressively towards Universal Health Coverage by 2032, which is documented by the Health Care Financing Strategy (HCFS) of Bangladesh in 2012 with some other policy documents. Though Bangladesh has succeeded considerably in achieving most of the MDG targets, it lags far behind in reaching the targets of many health indicators. High absenteeism of providers, shortage of some crucial manpower, malfunctioning equipment, inappropriate distribution of drugs, improper doctor-nurse ratio, hard to reach areas, income and regional inequity, high prevalence of certain communicable diseases, growing burden of non-communicable diseases and high out-of-pocket expenditure for services are the major challenges of health sector of Bangladesh, should be overcome to achieve Universal Health Coverage. Nahid Akhter Jahan, Nasrin Sultana, Sharmeen Mobin Bhuiyan, Farah Ishaq Copyright (c) 2019 Dhaka University Journal of Earth and Environmental Sciences https://journal.library.du.ac.bd/index.php/DUJEES/article/view/2240 Water Quality Assessment of Mirpur Thana of Dhaka City, Bangladesh https://journal.library.du.ac.bd/index.php/DUJEES/article/view/2241 The research work was carried out to evaluate the quality and suitability of surface and groundwater of Mirpur thana of Dhaka city for drinking purpose. Water samples were collected during winter (January), pre-monsoon (May) and monsoon (June) periods of the year 2014. Groundwater samples were collected from Dhaka Water Supply and Sewerage Authority (DWASA) deep wells and some private wells whereas surface water samples were collected from Turag River which is situated beside the study area. Several physical parameters like pH, Eh, EC, temperature, hardness and TDS were measured for both surface water and groundwater. Concentration of some major cations (Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+), major anions (HCO3-, Cl-, SO4-,NO3-) and some trace elements (Fe and Mn) were determined. Hydrochemical study reveals that the overall drinking water quality of the area is good. But Iron, Manganese and Nitrate concentration of some water samples exceed the drinking water standard limits of World Health Organization and Department of Environment, Bangladesh. Higher nitrate concentration was observed in the wells which are less than 360ft deep. The study shows that all the sampled groundwater of the study area are of Ca-Mg-HCO3 and Ca-Cl type. On the other hand, river water quality is poor and polluted as they are marked by high electrical conductance (EC) and all the waters except those collected during monsoon period are of Na-Cl type. During monsoon period, EC values decrease significantly mainly due to higher precipitation which change the water to Ca-Mg-HCO3 type. It is urgently required to undertake comprehensive measures and holistic approaches to save the surface water from pollution and to lessen the dependency on groundwater. Mehtaz Mozaffor Lipsi, M. Saiful Islam, M. Qumrul Hassan Copyright (c) 2019 Dhaka University Journal of Earth and Environmental Sciences https://journal.library.du.ac.bd/index.php/DUJEES/article/view/2241 Current Status of Geological Remote Sensing in Bangladesh: A Review https://journal.library.du.ac.bd/index.php/DUJEES/article/view/2243 Geological application of remote sensing in Bangladesh has been reviewed from published literatures with an objective of evaluating its present status and potentiality of future use. Application of remote sensing started in Bangladesh with the use of aerial photographs in the middle of the last century, and satellite remote sensing started since the beginning of Landsat era in early 1970s. Data from different sensors are being used in geological mapping, mineral exploration, neotectonic studies, coastal geological mapping etc. and is also used in the fields of urban geology, environmental geology and natural hazard assessment which give valuable results. Both visual image interpretation and digital image processing techniques are being applied for data analysis. The review result clearly shows its effective use in various geological applications and ascertains its potential utilization to meet the challenges of the country in the 21st century. But the future successful and wide use of remote sensing will largely depend on trained and knowledgeable manpower and availability of these data at low cost. A. K. M. Khorshed Alam Copyright (c) 2019 Dhaka University Journal of Earth and Environmental Sciences https://journal.library.du.ac.bd/index.php/DUJEES/article/view/2243