Biological activities of the methanolic extracts of coccinia indica and mikania scandens leaves available in Bangladesh

Abstract

Biological activities of the methanolic leaf extracts of Coccinia indica and Mikania scandens were
observed through antimicrobial assay, cytotoxic assay and antioxidant activity through DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-
picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging assay with a comparison of IC50 values of extracts with standard antioxidant BHT
(butylatedhydroxytoluene). In case of crude extract of Coccinia indica, antimicrobial assay showed that
Pseudomonas sp., Escherichia coli were susceptible at a dose of 150μg/disc out of five tested bacteria. Again, out of
five fungi strains, Phytopthora sp., Penicillium notatum, Aspergillus niger were sensitive against 150 μg/disc
containing crude extract. In the case of Mikania scandens, antimicrobial assay showed that Pseudomonas sp.,
Rhizobium for Vigna mongu (RVM), Rhizobium for Cicer arietinum (RCA)were susceptible at a dose of 150
μg/disc, while Escherichia coli was susceptible at only 75 μg/disc. Furthermore, out of five fungi strains,
Phytopthora sp., Penicillium notatum were sensitive against 150μg/disc while Aspergillus niger was sensitive
against 100 μg/disc and 150 μg/disc of M. scandens crude extract. The DPPH free radical scavenging activity of C.
indica leaf extract displayed that it was capable of scavenging the 50% DPPH at the dose of 130 μg/ml and
itindicated that the plant extract had moderate to high antioxidant activity. However, Mikania scandens, the IC50 value
was 125μg/ml which indicated that M. scandens leaf extract had strong antioxidant potentialities than the leaf
extract of C. indica. Cytotoxic assay showed that the methanolic leaf extracts of C. indica and M. scandens were
highly toxic for the aquatic organisms at the concentrations of above 104.60 and 89 μg/ml, respectively.