Phytochemical and Biological Investigations of Ixora arborea Roxb

Abstract

A total of four compounds namely betulin (1), erythrodiol (2), lupeol (3), and stigmasterol were
isolated from the leaf extract of Ixora arborea for the first time. The structures of the isolated compounds were
established by extensive spectroscopic studies. In our preliminary screening, the petroleum ether, carbon
tetrachloride, dichloromethane and aqueous soluble fractions of the methanol extract were subjected to antioxidant,
antimicrobial and brine shrimp lethality bioassays. All of the fractions showed significant antioxidant activity along
with the total phenolic content, of which the methanolic extract of leaves (MEL) showed the highest free radical
scavenging activity with IC50 value 33.0 μg/ml. In the brine shrimp lethality bioassay, among all the extractives the
petroleum ether soluble fraction (PESF) demonstrated significant cytotoxicity with LC50 value of 0.622 μg/ml.
However, in case of antimicrobial screening, only the methanolic crude extract showed mild growth inhibitory
activity against the tested microorganisms.