DISCRIMINATORY PRACTICES BY PERPETRATORS AND ITS ADVERSE EFFECTS ON EMPLOYEES, EMPLOYMENT, AND WORKPLACE

Abstract

The study aims to explore the existing literature in the field of discrimination at
workplaces around the world and identify the negative effects of discrimination.
The discriminatory practices and its process and motifs are explained through
the lens of social identity theory and behaviors from intergroup affect and
stereotypes map (BIAS). The current study highlights, among the many forms
of discrimination practiced by perpetrators, discrimination based on gender,
sexual minority, age, disability, and race, origin, and ethnicity. The existing
literature suggests that laws, campaigns, and regulations have been passed and
enacted to curb all four of these discriminatory practices. Even though these
laws and policies have been able to reduce the extent of these discriminations,
such practices still remain. In the face of rising legal steps, few organizations
and its employees oftentimes resort to covert forms of discrimination which
are harder to detect. As an effect of the continued practices of discrimination,
workplaces often suffer from various acts of aggression where the perpetrators
even resort to violence, bullying, and abuse. These acts of aggression function
as stressors for the victims, causing emotional and physiological problems,
strains, strain symptoms, and reduced job satisfaction, thus affecting the wellbeing
of the victims. Some of these aspects negatively affect the performance of
the victims which, in turn, affects organizational performance in the long run.