Chemical and Biological Investigation of Phyllanthus niruri. Isolation of a Pure Compound from Crude Dichloromethane Extract
Keywords:
Phyllanthus niruri, Antimicrobial activity, Cytotoxicity, Antioxidant property, Stigmasterol.Abstract
The crude n-hexane (HX), dichloromethane (DCM), methanol (ME) and ethyl acetate (EA) extracts of Phyllanthus niruri were subjected to
antioxidant, antibacterial and antifungal activities and cytotoxicity against brine shrimp nauplii. The DCM, ME and EA extracts exhibited
significant antimicrobial activities, whereas, HX extract did not show any sort of sensitivity. On the other hand, the brine shrimp lethality
with LC50 values was 3.801, 7.244, 13.183 and 23.980 μg/mL for HX, DCM, ME and EA extracts, respectively. Among the four crude
extracts, only EA extract showed potential antioxidant activity with IC50 value of 29.5μg/mL. A pure compound was isolated from DCM
extract and the structure of the compound was elucidated as stigmasterol by means of 1H NMR spectroscopy.
